hospital-management/laboratory/models.py

"""
Laboratory app models for hospital management system.
Provides lab test ordering, specimen management, and result processing.
"""

import uuid
from django.db import models
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator, MinValueValidator, MaxValueValidator
from django.utils import timezone
from django.conf import settings
from datetime import timedelta, datetime, date
from decimal import Decimal
import json


class LabTest(models.Model):
    """
    Lab test model for test catalog and configuration.
    """
    TEST_CATEGORY_CHOICES = [
        ('CHEMISTRY', 'Chemistry'),
        ('HEMATOLOGY', 'Hematology'),
        ('MICROBIOLOGY', 'Microbiology'),
        ('IMMUNOLOGY', 'Immunology'),
        ('MOLECULAR', 'Molecular'),
        ('PATHOLOGY', 'Pathology'),
        ('TOXICOLOGY', 'Toxicology'),
        ('ENDOCRINOLOGY', 'Endocrinology'),
        ('CARDIOLOGY', 'Cardiology'),
        ('ONCOLOGY', 'Oncology'),
        ('GENETICS', 'Genetics'),
        ('COAGULATION', 'Coagulation'),
        ('URINALYSIS', 'Urinalysis'),
        ('OTHER', 'Other'),
    ]

    TEST_TYPE_CHOICES = [
        ('QUANTITATIVE', 'Quantitative'),
        ('QUALITATIVE', 'Qualitative'),
        ('SEMI_QUANTITATIVE', 'Semi-Quantitative'),
        ('CULTURE', 'Culture'),
        ('MICROSCOPY', 'Microscopy'),
        ('MOLECULAR', 'Molecular'),
        ('IMMUNOASSAY', 'Immunoassay'),
        ('OTHER', 'Other'),
    ]

    SPECIMEN_TYPE_CHOICES = [
        ('BLOOD', 'Blood'),
        ('SERUM', 'Serum'),
        ('PLASMA', 'Plasma'),
        ('URINE', 'Urine'),
        ('STOOL', 'Stool'),
        ('CSF', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid'),
        ('SPUTUM', 'Sputum'),
        ('SWAB', 'Swab'),
        ('TISSUE', 'Tissue'),
        ('FLUID', 'Body Fluid'),
        ('SALIVA', 'Saliva'),
        ('HAIR', 'Hair'),
        ('NAIL', 'Nail'),
        ('OTHER', 'Other'),
    ]

    STORAGE_TEMPERATURE_CHOICES = [
        ('ROOM_TEMP', 'Room Temperature'),
        ('REFRIGERATED', 'Refrigerated (2-8°C)'),
        ('FROZEN', 'Frozen (-20°C)'),
        ('DEEP_FROZEN', 'Deep Frozen (-80°C)'),
        ('ICE', 'On Ice'),
        ('AMBIENT', 'Ambient'),
    ]

    QC_FREQUENCY_CHOICES = [
        ('DAILY', 'Daily'),
        ('WEEKLY', 'Weekly'),
        ('MONTHLY', 'Monthly'),
        ('PER_BATCH', 'Per Batch'),
        ('CONTINUOUS', 'Continuous'),
    ]

    DEPARTMENT_CHOICES = [
        ('CHEMISTRY', 'Chemistry'),
        ('HEMATOLOGY', 'Hematology'),
        ('MICROBIOLOGY', 'Microbiology'),
        ('IMMUNOLOGY', 'Immunology'),
        ('MOLECULAR', 'Molecular'),
        ('PATHOLOGY', 'Pathology'),
        ('BLOOD_BANK', 'Blood Bank'),
        ('CYTOLOGY', 'Cytology'),
        ('HISTOLOGY', 'Histology'),
        ('TOXICOLOGY', 'Toxicology'),
    ]

    # Tenant relationship
    tenant = models.ForeignKey(
        'core.Tenant',
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='lab_tests',
        help_text='Organization tenant'
    )
    
    # Test Information
    test_id = models.UUIDField(
        default=uuid.uuid4,
        unique=True,
        editable=False,
        help_text='Unique test identifier'
    )
    
    # Test Identification
    test_code = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        help_text='Laboratory test code'
    )
    test_name = models.CharField(
        max_length=200,
        help_text='Test name'
    )
    test_description = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Detailed test description'
    )
    
    # Medical Coding
    loinc_code = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='LOINC code'
    )
    cpt_code = models.CharField(
        max_length=10,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='CPT code for billing'
    )
    snomed_code = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='SNOMED CT code'
    )
    
    # Test Classification
    test_category = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        choices=TEST_CATEGORY_CHOICES,
        help_text='Test category'
    )
    test_type = models.CharField(
        max_length=30,
        choices= TEST_TYPE_CHOICES,
        help_text='Type of test'
    )
    
    # Specimen Requirements
    specimen_type = models.CharField(
        max_length=30,
        choices=SPECIMEN_TYPE_CHOICES,
        help_text='Required specimen type'
    )
    specimen_volume = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Required specimen volume'
    )
    collection_container = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Collection container type'
    )
    collection_instructions = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Specimen collection instructions'
    )
    
    # Processing Requirements
    processing_time = models.PositiveIntegerField(
        help_text='Processing time in minutes'
    )
    turnaround_time = models.PositiveIntegerField(
        help_text='Expected turnaround time in hours'
    )
    stat_available = models.BooleanField(
        default=False,
        help_text='STAT processing available'
    )
    stat_turnaround_time = models.PositiveIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='STAT turnaround time in hours'
    )
    
    # Storage and Transport
    storage_temperature = models.CharField(
        max_length=30,
        choices=STORAGE_TEMPERATURE_CHOICES,
        default='ROOM_TEMP',
        help_text='Storage temperature requirement'
    )
    transport_requirements = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Transport requirements'
    )
    stability_time = models.PositiveIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Specimen stability time in hours'
    )
    
    # Clinical Information
    clinical_significance = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Clinical significance of test'
    )
    indications = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Clinical indications'
    )
    contraindications = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Contraindications'
    )
    
    # Patient Preparation
    patient_preparation = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Patient preparation instructions'
    )
    fasting_required = models.BooleanField(
        default=False,
        help_text='Fasting required'
    )
    fasting_hours = models.PositiveIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Required fasting hours'
    )
    
    # Methodology
    methodology = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Test methodology'
    )
    analyzer = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Analyzer/instrument used'
    )
    
    # Quality Control
    qc_frequency = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=QC_FREQUENCY_CHOICES,
        default='DAILY',
        help_text='Quality control frequency'
    )
    
    # Pricing
    cost = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=10,
        decimal_places=2,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Test cost'
    )
    
    # Availability
    is_active = models.BooleanField(
        default=True,
        help_text='Test is active and available'
    )
    is_orderable = models.BooleanField(
        default=True,
        help_text='Test can be ordered'
    )
    
    # Department
    department = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        choices=DEPARTMENT_CHOICES,
        help_text='Laboratory department'
    )
    
    # Metadata
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    created_by = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        related_name='created_lab_tests',
        help_text='User who created the test'
    )
    
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'laboratory_lab_test'
        verbose_name = 'Lab Test'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Lab Tests'
        ordering = ['test_name']
        indexes = [
            models.Index(fields=['tenant', 'is_active']),
            models.Index(fields=['test_code']),
            models.Index(fields=['test_category']),
            models.Index(fields=['department']),
            models.Index(fields=['loinc_code']),
            models.Index(fields=['cpt_code']),
        ]
        unique_together = ['tenant', 'test_code']
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.test_code} - {self.test_name}"
    
    @property
    def display_name(self):
        """
        Get display name for test.
        """
        return str(self)


class LabOrder(models.Model):
    """
    Lab order model for test ordering and management.
    """
    PRIORITY_CHOICES = [
        ('ROUTINE', 'Routine'),
        ('URGENT', 'Urgent'),
        ('STAT', 'STAT'),
        ('ASAP', 'ASAP'),
        ('TIMED', 'Timed'),
    ]
    STATUS_CHOICES = [
        ('PENDING', 'Pending'),
        ('SCHEDULED', 'Scheduled'),
        ('COLLECTED', 'Collected'),
        ('IN_PROGRESS', 'In Progress'),
        ('COMPLETED', 'Completed'),
        ('CANCELLED', 'Cancelled'),
        ('ON_HOLD', 'On Hold'),
    ]
    FASTING_STATUS_CHOICES = [
        ('FASTING', 'Fasting'),
        ('NON_FASTING', 'Non-Fasting'),
        ('UNKNOWN', 'Unknown'),
    ]

    # Tenant relationship
    tenant = models.ForeignKey(
        'core.Tenant',
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='lab_orders',
        help_text='Organization tenant'
    )
    
    # Order Information
    order_id = models.UUIDField(
        default=uuid.uuid4,
        unique=True,
        editable=False,
        help_text='Unique order identifier'
    )
    order_number = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        unique=True,
        help_text='Lab order number'
    )
    
    # Patient and Provider
    patient = models.ForeignKey(
        'patients.PatientProfile',
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='lab_orders',
        help_text='Patient'
    )
    ordering_provider = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='ordered_lab_tests',
        help_text='Ordering provider'
    )
    
    # Tests
    tests = models.ManyToManyField(
        LabTest,
        related_name='orders',
        help_text='Ordered tests'
    )
    
    # Order Details
    order_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        default=timezone.now,
        help_text='Date and time order was placed'
    )
    priority = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=PRIORITY_CHOICES,
        default='ROUTINE',
        help_text='Order priority'
    )
    
    # Clinical Information
    clinical_indication = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Clinical indication for tests'
    )
    diagnosis_code = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='ICD-10 diagnosis code'
    )
    clinical_notes = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Clinical notes'
    )
    
    # Collection Information
    collection_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Requested collection date and time'
    )
    collection_location = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Collection location'
    )
    fasting_status = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=FASTING_STATUS_CHOICES,
        default='UNKNOWN',
        help_text='Patient fasting status'
    )
    
    # Status
    status = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=STATUS_CHOICES,
        default='PENDING',
        help_text='Order status'
    )
    
    # Related Information
    encounter = models.ForeignKey(
        'emr.Encounter',
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        related_name='lab_orders',
        help_text='Related encounter'
    )
    
    # Special Instructions
    special_instructions = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Special instructions for collection or processing'
    )
    
    # Metadata
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'laboratory_lab_order'
        verbose_name = 'Lab Order'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Lab Orders'
        ordering = ['-order_datetime']
        indexes = [
            models.Index(fields=['tenant', 'status']),
            models.Index(fields=['patient', 'status']),
            models.Index(fields=['ordering_provider']),
            models.Index(fields=['order_datetime']),
            models.Index(fields=['order_number']),
            models.Index(fields=['priority']),
        ]
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.order_number} - {self.patient.get_full_name()}"
    
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Generate order number if not provided.
        """
        if not self.order_number:
            # Generate order number (simple implementation)
            last_order = LabOrder.objects.filter(tenant=self.tenant).order_by('-id').first()
            if last_order:
                last_number = int(last_order.order_number.split('-')[-1])
                self.order_number = f"LAB-{self.tenant.id}-{last_number + 1:06d}"
            else:
                self.order_number = f"LAB-{self.tenant.id}-000001"
        
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)
    
    @property
    def test_count(self):
        """
        Get number of tests in order.
        """
        return self.tests.count()
    
    @property
    def is_stat(self):
        """
        Check if order is STAT priority.
        """
        return self.priority == 'STAT'


class Specimen(models.Model):
    """
    Specimen model for specimen tracking and management.
    """
    SPECIMEN_TYPE_CHOICES = [
        ('BLOOD', 'Blood'),
        ('SERUM', 'Serum'),
        ('PLASMA', 'Plasma'),
        ('URINE', 'Urine'),
        ('STOOL', 'Stool'),
        ('CSF', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid'),
        ('SPUTUM', 'Sputum'),
        ('SWAB', 'Swab'),
        ('TISSUE', 'Tissue'),
        ('FLUID', 'Body Fluid'),
        ('SALIVA', 'Saliva'),
        ('HAIR', 'Hair'),
        ('NAIL', 'Nail'),
        ('OTHER', 'Other'),
    ]
    QUALITY_CHOICES = [
        ('ACCEPTABLE', 'Acceptable'),
        ('SUBOPTIMAL', 'Suboptimal'),
        ('REJECTED', 'Rejected'),
    ]
    REJECTION_REASON_CHOICES = [
        ('HEMOLYZED', 'Hemolyzed'),
        ('CLOTTED', 'Clotted'),
        ('INSUFFICIENT_VOLUME', 'Insufficient Volume'),
        ('CONTAMINATED', 'Contaminated'),
        ('MISLABELED', 'Mislabeled'),
        ('EXPIRED', 'Expired'),
        ('IMPROPER_STORAGE', 'Improper Storage'),
        ('DAMAGED_CONTAINER', 'Damaged Container'),
        ('OTHER', 'Other'),
    ]
    STORAGE_TEMPERATURE_CHOICES = [
        ('ROOM_TEMP', 'Room Temperature'),
        ('REFRIGERATED', 'Refrigerated (2-8°C)'),
        ('FROZEN', 'Frozen (-20°C)'),
        ('DEEP_FROZEN', 'Deep Frozen (-80°C)'),
    ]
    STATUS_CHOICES = [
        ('COLLECTED', 'Collected'),
        ('IN_TRANSIT', 'In Transit'),
        ('RECEIVED', 'Received'),
        ('PROCESSING', 'Processing'),
        ('COMPLETED', 'Completed'),
        ('REJECTED', 'Rejected'),
        ('DISPOSED', 'Disposed'),
    ]

    # Order relationship
    order = models.ForeignKey(
        LabOrder,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='specimens',
        help_text='Related lab order'
    )
    
    # Specimen Information
    specimen_id = models.UUIDField(
        default=uuid.uuid4,
        unique=True,
        editable=False,
        help_text='Unique specimen identifier'
    )
    specimen_number = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        unique=True,
        help_text='Specimen accession number'
    )
    
    # Specimen Details
    specimen_type = models.CharField(
        max_length=30,
        choices=SPECIMEN_TYPE_CHOICES,
        help_text='Specimen type'
    )
    container_type = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Container type'
    )
    volume = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Specimen volume'
    )
    
    # Collection Information
    collected_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        help_text='Date and time collected'
    )
    collected_by = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        related_name='collected_specimens',
        help_text='Person who collected specimen'
    )
    collection_site = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Collection site/location'
    )
    collection_method = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Collection method'
    )
    
    # Specimen Quality
    quality = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=QUALITY_CHOICES,
        default='ACCEPTABLE',
        help_text='Specimen quality'
    )
    rejection_reason = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        choices=REJECTION_REASON_CHOICES,
        help_text='Reason for rejection'
    )
    quality_notes = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Quality assessment notes'
    )
    
    # Processing Information
    received_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Date and time received in lab'
    )
    received_by = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        related_name='received_specimens',
        help_text='Lab staff who received specimen'
    )
    
    # Storage Information
    storage_location = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Storage location'
    )
    storage_temperature = models.CharField(
        max_length=30,
        choices=STORAGE_TEMPERATURE_CHOICES,
        default='ROOM_TEMP',
        help_text='Storage temperature'
    )
    
    # Status
    status = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=STATUS_CHOICES,
        default='COLLECTED',
        help_text='Specimen status'
    )
    
    # Chain of Custody
    chain_of_custody = models.JSONField(
        default=list,
        help_text='Chain of custody tracking'
    )
    
    # Metadata
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'laboratory_specimen'
        verbose_name = 'Specimen'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Specimens'
        ordering = ['-collected_datetime']
        indexes = [
            models.Index(fields=['order']),
            models.Index(fields=['specimen_number']),
            models.Index(fields=['specimen_type']),
            models.Index(fields=['status']),
            models.Index(fields=['collected_datetime']),
            models.Index(fields=['quality']),
        ]
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.specimen_number} - {self.specimen_type}"
    
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Generate specimen number if not provided.
        """
        if not self.specimen_number:
            # Generate specimen number (simple implementation)
            today = timezone.now().date()
            last_specimen = Specimen.objects.filter(
                created_at__date=today
            ).order_by('-id').first()
            
            if last_specimen:
                last_number = int(last_specimen.specimen_number.split('-')[-1])
                self.specimen_number = f"SPEC-{today.strftime('%Y%m%d')}-{last_number + 1:04d}"
            else:
                self.specimen_number = f"SPEC-{today.strftime('%Y%m%d')}-0001"
        
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)
    
    @property
    def patient(self):
        """
        Get patient from order.
        """
        return self.order.patient
    
    @property
    def is_rejected(self):
        """
        Check if specimen is rejected.
        """
        return self.quality == 'REJECTED'


class LabResult(models.Model):
    """
    Lab result model for test results and reporting.
    """
    RESULT_TYPE_CHOICES = [
        ('NUMERIC', 'Numeric'),
        ('TEXT', 'Text'),
        ('CODED', 'Coded'),
        ('NARRATIVE', 'Narrative'),
    ]
    ABNORMAL_FLAG_CHOICES = [
        ('N', 'Normal'),
        ('H', 'High'),
        ('L', 'Low'),
        ('HH', 'Critical High'),
        ('LL', 'Critical Low'),
        ('A', 'Abnormal'),
    ]
    STATUS_CHOICES = [
        ('PENDING', 'Pending'),
        ('IN_PROGRESS', 'In Progress'),
        ('COMPLETED', 'Completed'),
        ('VERIFIED', 'Verified'),
        ('AMENDED', 'Amended'),
        ('CANCELLED', 'Cancelled'),
    ]
    # Order and Test relationship
    order = models.ForeignKey(
        LabOrder,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='results',
        help_text='Related lab order'
    )
    test = models.ForeignKey(
        LabTest,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='results',
        help_text='Lab test'
    )
    specimen = models.ForeignKey(
        Specimen,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='results',
        help_text='Specimen used for test'
    )
    
    # Result Information
    result_id = models.UUIDField(
        default=uuid.uuid4,
        unique=True,
        editable=False,
        help_text='Unique result identifier'
    )
    
    # Result Values
    result_value = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Test result value'
    )
    result_unit = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Result unit of measure'
    )
    result_type = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=RESULT_TYPE_CHOICES,
        default='NUMERIC',
        help_text='Type of result'
    )
    
    # Reference Range
    reference_range = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Reference range'
    )
    abnormal_flag = models.CharField(
        max_length=10,
        choices=ABNORMAL_FLAG_CHOICES,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Abnormal flag'
    )
    
    # Critical Values
    is_critical = models.BooleanField(
        default=False,
        help_text='Result is critical value'
    )
    critical_called = models.BooleanField(
        default=False,
        help_text='Critical value was called to provider'
    )
    critical_called_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Date and time critical value was called'
    )
    critical_called_to = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Person critical value was called to'
    )
    
    # Processing Information
    analyzed_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Date and time analyzed'
    )
    analyzed_by = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        related_name='analyzed_results',
        help_text='Lab technician who analyzed'
    )
    analyzer = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Analyzer/instrument used'
    )
    
    # Verification
    verified = models.BooleanField(
        default=False,
        help_text='Result has been verified'
    )
    verified_by = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        related_name='verified_results',
        help_text='Lab professional who verified result'
    )
    verified_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Date and time of verification'
    )
    
    # Status
    status = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=STATUS_CHOICES,
        default='PENDING',
        help_text='Result status'
    )
    
    # Comments
    technician_comments = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Technician comments'
    )
    pathologist_comments = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Pathologist comments'
    )
    
    # Quality Control
    qc_passed = models.BooleanField(
        default=True,
        help_text='Quality control passed'
    )
    qc_notes = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Quality control notes'
    )
    
    # Reporting
    reported_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Date and time result was reported'
    )
    
    # Metadata
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'laboratory_lab_result'
        verbose_name = 'Lab Result'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Lab Results'
        ordering = ['-analyzed_datetime']
        indexes = [
            models.Index(fields=['order']),
            models.Index(fields=['test']),
            models.Index(fields=['specimen']),
            models.Index(fields=['status']),
            models.Index(fields=['is_critical']),
            models.Index(fields=['verified']),
            models.Index(fields=['analyzed_datetime']),
        ]
        unique_together = ['order', 'test', 'specimen']
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.test.test_name} - {self.result_value} {self.result_unit or ''}"
    
    @property
    def patient(self):
        """
        Get patient from order.
        """
        return self.order.patient
    
    @property
    def is_abnormal(self):
        """
        Check if result is abnormal.
        """
        return self.abnormal_flag and self.abnormal_flag != 'N'
    
    @property
    def is_critical_high(self):
        """
        Check if result is critically high.
        """
        return self.abnormal_flag == 'HH'
    
    @property
    def is_critical_low(self):
        """
        Check if result is critically low.
        """
        return self.abnormal_flag == 'LL'


class QualityControl(models.Model):
    """
    Quality control model for lab quality management.
    """
    CONTROL_LEVEL_CHOICES = [
        ('NORMAL', 'Normal'),
        ('LOW', 'Low'),
        ('HIGH', 'High'),
        ('CRITICAL', 'Critical'),
    ]
    STATUS_CHOICES = [
        ('PASSED', 'Passed'),
        ('FAILED', 'Failed'),
        ('WARNING', 'Warning'),
        ('PENDING', 'Pending'),
    ]
    # Tenant relationship
    tenant = models.ForeignKey(
        'core.Tenant',
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='lab_quality_controls',
        help_text='Organization tenant'
    )
    
    # Test relationship
    test = models.ForeignKey(
        LabTest,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='quality_controls',
        help_text='Lab test'
    )
    result = models.ForeignKey(LabResult, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='quality_controls')
    # QC Information
    qc_id = models.UUIDField(
        default=uuid.uuid4,
        unique=True,
        editable=False,
        help_text='Unique QC identifier'
    )
    
    # QC Material
    control_material = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        help_text='Control material name'
    )
    control_lot = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        help_text='Control lot number'
    )
    control_level = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=CONTROL_LEVEL_CHOICES,
        help_text='Control level'
    )
    
    # Expected Values
    target_value = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=15,
        decimal_places=6,
        help_text='Target value'
    )
    acceptable_range_low = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=15,
        decimal_places=6,
        help_text='Acceptable range low'
    )
    acceptable_range_high = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=15,
        decimal_places=6,
        help_text='Acceptable range high'
    )
    
    # QC Run Information
    run_datetime = models.DateTimeField(
        help_text='Date and time of QC run'
    )
    observed_value = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=15,
        decimal_places=6,
        help_text='Observed value'
    )
    
    # QC Status
    status = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        choices=STATUS_CHOICES,
        help_text='QC status'
    )
    
    # Staff
    performed_by = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='performed_qc',
        help_text='Staff who performed QC'
    )
    reviewed_by = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        related_name='reviewed_qc',
        help_text='Staff who reviewed QC'
    )
    
    # Analyzer
    analyzer = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Analyzer/instrument used'
    )
    
    # Comments
    comments = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='QC comments'
    )
    corrective_action = models.TextField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Corrective action taken'
    )
    
    # Metadata
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'laboratory_quality_control'
        verbose_name = 'Quality Control'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Quality Controls'
        ordering = ['-run_datetime']
        indexes = [
            models.Index(fields=['tenant', 'test']),
            models.Index(fields=['test', 'run_datetime']),
            models.Index(fields=['status']),
            models.Index(fields=['control_level']),
        ]
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.test.test_name} - {self.control_level} - {self.run_datetime.date()}"
    
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Determine QC status based on observed value.
        """
        if self.observed_value:
            if (self.acceptable_range_low <= self.observed_value <= self.acceptable_range_high):
                self.status = 'PASSED'
            else:
                self.status = 'FAILED'
        
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)
    
    @property
    def is_within_range(self):
        """
        Check if observed value is within acceptable range.
        """
        return (self.acceptable_range_low <= self.observed_value <= self.acceptable_range_high)
    
    @property
    def deviation_percentage(self):
        """
        Calculate deviation percentage from target.
        """
        if self.target_value and self.observed_value:
            return ((self.observed_value - self.target_value) / self.target_value) * 100
        return None


class ReferenceRange(models.Model):
    """
    Reference range model for test normal values.
    """
    GENDER_CHOICES = [
        ('M', 'Male'),
        ('F', 'Female'),
        ('ALL', 'All'),
    ]
    # Test relationship
    test = models.ForeignKey(
        LabTest,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='reference_ranges',
        help_text='Lab test'
    )
    
    # Range Information
    range_id = models.UUIDField(
        default=uuid.uuid4,
        unique=True,
        editable=False,
        help_text='Unique range identifier'
    )
    
    # Demographics
    gender = models.CharField(
        max_length=10,
        choices=GENDER_CHOICES,
        default='ALL',
        help_text='Gender'
    )
    age_min = models.PositiveIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Minimum age in years'
    )
    age_max = models.PositiveIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Maximum age in years'
    )
    
    # Range Values
    range_low = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=15,
        decimal_places=6,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Range low value'
    )
    range_high = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=15,
        decimal_places=6,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Range high value'
    )
    range_text = models.CharField(
        max_length=200,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Text description of range'
    )
    
    # Critical Values
    critical_low = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=15,
        decimal_places=6,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Critical low value'
    )
    critical_high = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=15,
        decimal_places=6,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Critical high value'
    )
    
    # Units
    unit = models.CharField(
        max_length=20,
        help_text='Unit of measure'
    )
    
    # Status
    is_active = models.BooleanField(
        default=True,
        help_text='Reference range is active'
    )
    
    # Metadata
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    created_by = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        related_name='created_reference_ranges',
        help_text='User who created the reference range'
    )
    
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'laboratory_reference_range'
        verbose_name = 'Reference Range'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Reference Ranges'
        ordering = ['test', 'gender', 'age_min']
        indexes = [
            models.Index(fields=['test', 'is_active']),
            models.Index(fields=['gender']),
            models.Index(fields=['age_min', 'age_max']),
        ]
    
    def __str__(self):
        age_range = ""
        if self.age_min is not None or self.age_max is not None:
            age_range = f" ({self.age_min or 0}-{self.age_max or '∞'} years)"
        
        return f"{self.test.test_name} - {self.gender}{age_range}"
    
    def is_applicable(self, patient_age, patient_gender):
        """
        Check if reference range is applicable for patient.
        """
        # Check gender
        if self.gender != 'ALL' and self.gender != patient_gender:
            return False
        
        # Check age
        if self.age_min is not None and patient_age < self.age_min:
            return False
        if self.age_max is not None and patient_age > self.age_max:
            return False
        
        return True
    
    @property
    def display_range(self):
        """
        Get display string for range.
        """
        if self.range_text:
            return self.range_text
        elif self.range_low is not None and self.range_high is not None:
            return f"{self.range_low} - {self.range_high} {self.unit}"
        elif self.range_low is not None:
            return f"> {self.range_low} {self.unit}"
        elif self.range_high is not None:
            return f"< {self.range_high} {self.unit}"
        else:
            return "Not defined"